Pneumatic hammer.



No. 873,938. I PATHRTBD m 1?, 1901. I

v M. mnns oce. PNEUMATIC Human.

APPLIOA TIOI FILED I11. 7, 1901.

wine 55 e5 -UN1T I) sT TEs PATENT OFFICE.

lMARTIN nannsoce, or OTTUMWA, IOWA,

PNEUllIATIQ HAMMER Be t. knownthat 1-, MARrIn Han-nsoee, a citizen of the United'S'tates, residing at Ot- To all whom may. concern:

tumwa; in the county of Wapello and Stateof Iowa, have invented certain new and use ful Improvements in Pneumatic. Hammers,

. ofwhiehthefollowing is a specification.

mer and for. the s'hank of thetool head, and

having passagcsfor admitting air, or other medium under pressure, to reciprocate the hammer and to be discharged at the bits'or cutters of the tool head; to construct a frame having a central barrel: with .a' hammer therein, and havinfijon opposite'sidesofthe barrel, flanges wit underflpressure, to the chamber and discharging. theziairp or; other, medium under re'ssui e, at the bits or cutters; to furnishthe amewith a central chamber'and with side passages and ports for admitting and dischargmg compressed air, or other medium under ')ressure,.1nt0 and from the chamber;

to furnish aframe having a centralchamber -.with inductionand eduction passages there,-

for, and; a plug having an induction passage, 1n com-inunieatlonwlth the induction pass sages oflhe frame, and. clos ng the end of the chamberjfor admitting compressed air or other pressure to thechambem-to furnish a connect ion: lietwcei'i 'the discharge oneduction t'mssages ottho frmncand the tool head for dischargingcompressed air or other me dium "under ipressure at the bits or cutters; to furnish'passages around the barrel ofthe frame, for-removing the dustf'and line particles produced by the cutting action or the bits or cutters and; to improvegenerally the construction andopcratioh of. the fran'ie and the correlated parts entering, into the forumtion of 'the'tool; as a whole.

The invention consists in the features "of Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed March 7. 1907.

passages and ports 1 for i admitting compressed air, or other medium Patented Dec. 17, 1907; BorialNo- 361.052-

construction and combination inafter described and claimed.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the frame, .showing the supply pipe for compressed air or other medium or pressure broken off, and showing a drill head with bits or cutters connected with the frame Fig. 2 a longitudinal section of the frame shown in Fig. 1, with the drill head partly in section; Fig. 3 an end elevation of the frame; Fig. 4 a crossseclion on linens-c of Fig. 2; (till Fig. 5 a cross sectionon line bb of Fig. 2.

The drill shown has a head. with a plurality of bits or cutters, but otherforms of bits or cutters could be used. shown has, at each end of the drill head, outer or end bits or cutters 1, arranged in of parts heremediate cutters 2, and intermediate cutters 3, also arranged in pairs, so that the head has eight bits or cutters. The head 4 is of a shape, as-to length and.width, to receive the bits or cutters, and, as shown, the head has av fcrosshole 5 to facilitate the removal from the head'of the bit or cutter in shank of the head.

line with the The head has a shank 6 to enter the chamber 7 of the barrel. 8 of theframe; and, as shown, the shank has a slot 9 through which passesa barlO, secured in the wall of the arrel, and by which slot and bar the head has a limited end movementfor operating the bits or cutters;

The frame, on two opposite sides of the barrel 8, has a flange 1], and each llang'c 11, at the forward end of the frame, has a projection 12 which fornj s a shoulder, which shoulderfurnishes a res t for an en circling tube not shown. The chamber 7 termimitcs in a chamber 14 of a greater diameter in cross sec tion than'the chamber 7, and from this. cham- "ber, on opposite sidesm port 15 leads. v port 15, communicates with a longitmlnml Each passage 16,-formed in each flange 11 and opening. through the, front end of each flange,

.and' each passage 16, at its nmuth or front cud, has entered thbreinto a tube 17, which extends into a hole lh SO as to, in e'llect, continue the passages 16 through the bit or cutter head. as shown in Fig. 2

, 'lho barrel-8 has an interior cirmimfercntial wall lib-located between the chmnbcr H; and'a chamber :20, and from the chamber 20, on each side, a port 21 leads. Each poit 21 is in comnnlnicatioi'l with a passage 22,

The arrangement pairs at each end of the head, with inter- 22711? the frame.

formed in each flange 11, and each passage 22, at its rear 01' receiving-end, has a port 23 leading inwardly therefrom.

The ports 23 communicate vgit-h a cross passage 24: with which alongitudinal passage 225 communicates; and the cross passage 24 and longitudinal passage25 are formed in 'abeen 26, having a neck 27 with an exterior.

screw thread for entering the neck into the end Wall of the frame and barrel, as shown in Fig, 2, so as to furnish a conduit or passage rer supplying compressed air, or other me-.

dium under pressure, to the side passages or head 31, continuing as a body 32, guided.

and held between the circumferential Wall 20, and terminating at its rear endwith' an enlarged portion or head 33, guided and held in the circumferential well 28, and forming a shoulder or face 34 against which the compressed air, or other medium under pressure, admitted to the chamber from the passages 22 through the ports 21, acts to recede or force baclc the hammer as a whole. The body, 32, of the hammer, has a centralpassage 35 extending longitudinally therein and opening at its rear end through the head 33, from which passage 35, lateralports or mssages 36 lead through the head 33, so that,

whenthe hammer is receded, communication is established. with the chamber 29 to ad-' i'nit compressed air, or other medium under pressure, to the passa'ye 35, for the air or other medium under pressure, to act and thrust or drive forward the hammer l'is'a Whole. The passage 255, adjacent to its forward end, his: leading therefrom lateral passages or ports 37 to'furnishcommunication between the passage 35 and the chamber 14,

for compressed air, or other medium under pressure, to How lron'i the passage 35 through the ports i5 into the passages 16 and be discharged tl'irough the tubes 17 andpassages 1 l 8 at the acting end of the head around the bits or cutter.

The head or plug 26 has a screw threaded hole inline with the passage \vhicl1 rcccives a tube and the tube: 23 has entered tlu-reinto it coupling tube 3!), on which is threaded a coupling ring-140d asupplytube il lcadir I fi'om a source oi compressed air, or other mediumunderprcssure,'so as to supply the compressed air, or. other medium under prcssm'o, to the passage 25 to! the air or other medium under pressure, to enter the side passages 22 through the ports 22.4 and be dis The barrel hasan interior, circunnerential wall 28, located between the,

charged into the chamber 20 throdgli the ports 21 to act against the abutment or face.

1340f the hammer and force back or rccede the hammer as a whole.

The parts are assembled by inserting the tubes 17 into the front ends or mouth of the side'passages 16, and entering the tubes f7 ,into the passages 18, and entering the stem 6 into the chamber 7 of the barrel 8, and securing the stem 6 andthenheadft withthcw'lt bits or cutters thereon, against droppingimt, from the chamber, by assing'the'fbnr or. key

10 through the walle ,the l arrel,. 8 andthe slot 9 otthe stem of the head, ,Tlielim imer 1 i,

as/a wholeisentered into the chamber of tl,u s, L

barrel rearward ,ofthe stem 6 of the head, and after thehaminergs entered theplug or head 26 18, entered into the end of the ijrau' e and the/barrel, so as to, close the chamberoi v the hammer and have the port or passagcgi, 85, 'in' communicatlon with the ports; 23, as,

The tube SSand the coupshown in Fig. 2,. v ling tube 39 arerentcredanto posltlo nso as M to have the coupling tube 39 receive the coupling ring 40 of the supply pipe' or, tub;-v '90 41, completing' the connectionof the iraulv air,;or other medium under: pressure, ready ber 20 and actagainst the abutlncntor Face 109 34, to force back or recede the hammer, as j v, v

a whole, into striking or driving, osition." The hammer, as a whole, is receded a-"sullh' eicnt distance to can the end face 34 be yond the rearface oi the well 28, sotliir )ressure can cnter't'he chamber 29, and lion" V v om such chamber, throughjthe lateral sages or ports 36, into the central passage 3 and act against the front end oltlie passagd v I; 135 end drlye forward the hammer as a whole; i lo such action of the admitted pressure Ii -1115;

permitted bytlieclosing ofthd latcrah sages 01 ports 37, with'the passing of, such )assages within thecircumferential wall W, bythc recession or forcing back of the li'a m 1 It mer as a whole." "lhe forward'tlirow or,

thrust of the hammer, its a Wl1ole,-t-Iauscs its acting en'l or'hcnd smut-6mm tlie'bnd of' the stem l and drlve'io'rward the stcm, and

with it the head4 imdtl e bits or cutt'erscar 120';

ried thereby, causing the bits or cutters to" act and perforiii'the cutting operatwn. "ihc forward throw oi' thrust of the hamm r-ms a whole, closes the ports 0'1 passages {36, bytho Y Wall 28, and opens, the ports or passages 37, 1 2 5 for communication between the 'passagefiifi and the chamber 14,admittingpressure to the chamber 14, for theprcssurc'gto' flow]- throu h the nuts 15 and mssswcs'lfi and through the tube- 17 and passages 1'8 'm-r136 with the source olsupplylfor the compressed 5p for the use or. operation of the rlrill or tyi lj In operation, the compressed :ur or other ill the front of the head 4 around the cutters carried by the head. The compressed air, or other medium under pressure, discharged armind at the front end of the'head 4 around" the cutters, has a free passage back through the openings forniedby the flanges 11 around the barrel 8; and the discharge of the compressed air, or other medium under pressure, carries with it the dust and fine part cles pr'o duced by the cutting operation, removing such fine dust or particles from in front of the cutter or bit head, so that the bits' or cutters are notinterferml with by an accumulation of dust and fine particles, because the dust. and line particles are removed, as fast as produced, bythe return flow of the compressed air, or other medium under pressure, which carries with it the dust and fine particle's. I

The frame of the present-invention, in connectionwith the hammer and cross head having bits or cutters, furiiishes a drill by which the frame supplies the air, or other medium under, pressure, to operate the hammer and discharges the compressed air or other medium under pressure at the forward side of thecross head and around the bits or cutters, so asfto remove the dust and fine. particles from interfering with the operation of the bits orcutters, It will thus be seen that with the frame of the present invention, means are provided for supplying compressed air, or other medium under pressure, to 0p crate a. ,hamme r, and for allowing-the compressed air or, other medium 11nd err pressure, after actuating the hammer, to be discharged, so as to serve asa conductor for Withdrawing dustand fine particles from around the bits or cutters, thus vfurnishing, in the frame itself, the requisite means for supplying compressed air, or other medium under pressure, to operate the hammer, and the requisitemeans for removing dust and fine-particles from around the bits or cutters.

While the pneumatic hammer ii hown in connection with a tool head carrying drill bits or cutters, it is to be understood that the hammer is intended for use, and can be used, with a tool head of other formation than the one shown, and for purposes "other than drills, and that one'flange only can have the induction and eduction passages. What I claim as new and. desire to secure by Letters Patent is: l

i..- Ina pneumatic hammer, a frame consisting of a central barrel, and straight extor rior flanges on opposite sides of the barrel with the flanges extending thelciig'th oi the barrel, the barrel having a central chamber to receive the hammer, and each flange havin; a longitudinal passage at the receiving cud for inducting pressure and a longitudinal passage at discharge end for ,cducting pressure with the passages independent of each other and in coinnuinication' with the i chamberof the mittin'g pressure to operate t oh a section donning aneduction chamberfor dividedmto a plurality ot a section l'orm ng a l en n'g'ior adr ven stem, a section forming an QdU'CiIQll,UlliUlIbGP for barrel, substantially as described. A

2. In a pneumatic lllLl'l1lTlOI,ilframe consisting of a central barrel and straight'cxtcri'or flanges on opposite sides of the barrel with the flanges extending thclength of' the barrel, th cbarrell having a central chamber divided intoscctioiis, oncsection to receive a driven stem and another section to receive the: dri vim; ham mer, and each flange having longitudinal passage atthe receiving endfor inducting pressure and a longitudinal passage at the discharge eiid'foreducting ressure, withthe passagesindependcnt of eaoh other and in coni'inunication with th'ejchamher oftlie barrel, substantially as'd'esc'ribed.

'3. In a pneumatic 'haininer affr'ame consisting of a central barre and'st'raightfexte- Hrior flanges onopp'ol'sitesidesl offthe barrel Ii 'th ,of the with the flanges extending th 11 m Wh iinber barrel, the barrel having a divided into "sections oneyse'ction to"'i'eceiv1e a driven stem aiid aiiotheri eotio the driving" hainjfne havingeiongitudina I l a longitudinal educ'tionpassage ofpressure,

with the induction assaiges iii Z'c'oinmunication with j the chamhbrjofthe barrel' for ad p p q M arnmer, and with the eductionpassages openingthrou h as describ ed. r I 4. In a' pn'eumati'c hammer, aframe conthe discharge end of the frame, substantial y sisting of a centrallbarrel'andstraightexte-g rior j flanges on opposite sides bf hfi ibar relf with the flanges extending thefll ngth of the barrel, thebari'elhavin'g ,acentral charnber, divided into a plurality: ot secti'oris, providing a section Forming a bearing for adriven jstein,

discharging pressurcpa section forming-a I bearing fer a driving hainn 'er, "afsection, forming aninduction chamberfor 're'ssu're to" act and iecerletlie hammer, ant resection forming 'af'cham-ber to r'eceivepressui'e for acting on and driving. the "hammer,substantially a-sdcscribcd. p 3 U 5.. In a pneumatic hammer, a framc consisting of a central barrel and straight exte rior" flanges ou 'opposite;sides :of the barrel with the flai :ges cxtej ding the l length of the barrel, thejbarrclhavn a central chamber,

sec'tioi'is prov ding discharging pressure, a: section plorndng a hearing for a di'iv'iiighaininer, a sect iou foriiinigaii imluctio i cluimberlor pressure, to act and rccede the hammer, ascctionforming a chamber to receive pressurefor acting on. and driving the haimneir, and each llangejhaving a 101 igitu dimil ind liCtiQ] 1 assage or pressure in coimuuuication ,uith s'the pressure ,iuduction chamber of theba'i rel, and a longitudinal cduct on pass'agem communication withlmirin'glhr a driving hammer, a section forming an 'iml' 'ictio t trlnmiher t'or prcssttre tn act and rcccihthehamitlqr, and a section torn ing a chi'unihcr to lttOlVO prcssiire for acting on and driving the 'hannnt-r,and a drxvrng lm'rhnwr entered iitto its section olfthv chant l)( r of tln-"l'iarrcl" and having on its extol-ion anah'tltinctt against"\\hich admittctl' prcssin-v acts term-ado the hanunor, substantially barrel, the barrel having a ventral chamber,

scct i'ons', prtividin'g g for a driven stem, chamber for discharging pressure, a Stt'tltilil olmlilg a hearing for 'a' driving hainnn-r, a sect ion tormdii'idcd int'o'a p'hiralit'vol' a sci-Hon t'o'rin'lng'a licaft'ili a Sttilllll forming ank-dnt-ttini ing anr 'hidti't'tit-in t-lmtnhcr l'o rpre'ssnrc to act and rvtrcdc the hammer, a section 'l' rnting a chamber to llt'tlYt pressure l'or acting on and drivingjthe hammer, and a-driving'haini'ner (-ntcrcdf do its scctionpl' the cllan'ihcr of'the barrel and having on its cxtctiornn abuts nicntntgainstwhit-h admitted pressureacts to rt't-cdtithe hammer and having alsoa central passagein'its' body with lateral passages adjacentto eaclrend thcrvot' 'i'or admitting pressure intoand discharging pressure from thr central passag lminnwr, substantially as described.

N. In a pneumatic hammer, tri'rmnc consisting of a t-antral barrel and straight exterior llangcs on opposite-sides of the barrel with the tlatngcs cxtcnding'thc lcngth'of the barrel, each llangc having a longittu-linal intllltlltlll'ltlltl a longitudinal cductionpassage for pressure, both passages in (Olllflltlliit'iltion with the chamber of the barrel, the barrcl having a (antralchamber, divided into a plurality of sections, providing a section! l'orminga hearing for a. driven stem, ascrtion forming ini ei'luciion chamber l'or.tlischarging pressure, a, section forming a bearingl'i'n: a driving hammer, a sect ion forming aniliitnt-t ion frltMtlgel' for pressurcto act and l'ltttlt' the hammbh, a section l'ernling a chamber to l'tt'tlVt pressure it acting on and driving the hammer, a driving hammer cn' I s I l I loved into ts section t l the chamber ot the barrel andhavtng on its t'XltlInI' an abutment against which adfi' i iittvd pressure acts in operating the driving" for )rcssurc, both passages vhammer. a sc -lion sect ion of I lit i-handwr to recede the hammer, having also a central passagein its body with lateral passages ad:

\ j aeent to each end thereof fcr'admitting pressure into and discharging pressure from the central passage in '0 erati the driving harm mer, and a closi having a longitudinal and a cross a. 1 its body for admitting pressure to themduc tion passage of each flange, substantially as described. f i

i). In a pneumatic hammer, a frame consisting of a central barreland straight exterior flanges on opposite sides of the barrel with the flanges extending the length of the having a longitudinial'inbarrel each flange p ug fer the rear end of the frame and chain era the hammer, the plugduction and a longitudinal eduetionpassage for pressure, with both passages in communication with the chamber of the barrel, the

\harrel having a central chamber, divided into a plurality of sections,,prov'iding a secv bearing for a driven stem, :1 I section forming an etluction chamber for (lis- I tio'n forming a charging pressure, ingfor a driving and recede the'hainmer, a section -forming a chamber to receive pressure driving the hanniier, adriving hammer entcred into its section of the chamberof the barrel and having on its exterior an abutment against 'which admittett[pressure acts in rccedc'. the hammer, and a tool head" having passages through its hodv' in coizmiunication with the eductionpzissagesof'the flanges for discharging vrcssure in advance of the head, substantially as (.lQSCI'llJStL it). In a pneumatic hammer, a frame con sisting of a central barrc'l'and straight clite rior flanges onopposite sides of the'barrcl with the flanges extending barre/b each flange having a longitudinal induct ion and a' longitudinal eduction passage in cn nmunication wit l the charnlwrof the barrel, the having a ventral chamber, dividcd into a'plu-' rality of sections, providing a seat ion forming a hcaringlor a driven stem, a section forming 'an-eduction ch mber for discharging pres,- snr'c, a set-tion' irming ing lltlllllllll', ii. section t'crniing an'induction cl-mmbvrt'zr ressure to act. and recede the forming a chaiuherto rc- ('tl\'t pressure lur acting onnnd driving the hammer. a driving lianmtcrcntercdinto its of t he barrel and l1av-- ing on its exterior an abutment againstwhich admitted 'ri'cssltlc acts to rst'cde the-han met, a tea h'cad havingpassagesgthroughits the Lool-hi-nd with an'inductitm passage of a tlange tor discharging pressure in advance of tlw tool head, substantially as described H- in a pncnniatichan\mer, a frame consisting of a ventral barrel and straight extea sccticn forming ahear-- hammer, a section icrnung' an induction chamber for pre'ssurelto act the length of the barrel 1 for acting on and rior flanges on the side of the barrel with the.

flanges extending the length of the barrel, the barrel having a cmgtral chamber to receive the hammer, and oueallange having a l-ongitudinal passage f r-imlucting pressure and a longitudinal passage discharging at the front end of the flange for edu'cting pressure, with the passages independent of each other and "sections, one'secticn to receive a driven stem and another section to receive the driving hammer, and the I lange having a longitudinal passage, for imlucting pressure and a longitudinal passage for 'educting pressure each passage independent of the other and each passage in. communication with ,the chamber of the barrel and the eduction passage discharging at the front end of the flange, substantially as described.

13. in a pneumatic hammer, a frameconsisting of a centralbai'rel and straight exterior flanges on the sideof the barrel with the flanges extending the length of the barrel, the barrel having acentral chamber divided into sections, one section to receive a driven stem and another section to receive the driving hammer, and one flange having a longitudinal induction passage and a longitudinal eduction passage for pressure, each passage independent of the other and both passages in. communication with the chamber of the barrel and the eduction passage discharging at the front end of the flange, a driven stern entered into the chamber ogthe barrehand a driving hammer in the chamber of the barreland actuated by pressure admitted through the induction passage of thcllange, substantially as described. q h

14. In a'pncumatic hanmier, aframe consisting of a central barrel and straight exterior llangcson the side of the barrel with the flanges extending the length of the barrel, the barrel having a central chamber divided into sections, one section to receivea driven. stem and another section to receive the driving hammer, and one .llange having a longitudiw nal induction passage and a longitudinaleduction passage for pressure, each passage independent of the other and'both passages in communication with the chamber ol' the barrel and the eduction passage discharging at the front end of the flange, a driven stem entered into the chamber of the barrel, a driving h, minor in the chamber of the barrel and actu: ted by pressure admitted through the induction'passageol' the flange, the driving hammer having on. its exterior an abut- Jncnt against which the admittedpressure acts to recede the hammer, and having also a central lpassage in its body with lateral passages ar jacent tothe endfthereoffor admitting pressure into and discharging pressure fromthe central passage in operating the driving hammer, substantially asklescribed. 15. in a pneumatic hammer, aframe consisting of a central barrel and straight exterior flanges on the side cl: thellanrel with the flanges extending the'le'ngth of the barrel, the barrel having a central chamber divided into sections, one section to receive a-driven stem and another section to receive the driving hammer, and one flange having a lon'gitudinal induction passage and: a longitudinal 'eduction passage for pressure, both in. com.- munication with the chamber of the barrel and the eduction passage discharging at the front end ofthe flange, a driven stementered into the chamber-of the barrel, ialdriving hammerin the chamber of the barrel and actuated by pressure admitted throi'igh the in duction assage of the flange, the driving hammer having on its exterior an abutment against whichithe admittedpressure acts to reeede the hammer, and having also a central passage in its body with lateral passages adj acent tothe end thereof for'admitting pressure into and discharging pressure from the central passage in operating ,the driving hammer, and 'a'closing plug for the rear end of the frame and chamber ofthe hammenthe plug having a longitudinal and cross passage in its body for admitting pressure to, ther induction passage ofthe flange, substantially as descri )ed. 16. In a pneumatic hammer, a frame consistin'g of a central barrel andstraight exte- -rior flanges on the side of the barrel with the flanges extending the length ofthe barrel,

the barrel having a central chamber divided into sections, one section to receive adriven stem and. another section to receive the, drivinghammer, and one flange having a Ion 'tudinal induction passage and a longitudinal eduetion passage for pressure each passage independentof the other and both passages in communication with thegchoimber of the lmIlOl and the eduction' passage discharging at the front end of the fl ange,-a driven stem entered into the-chamberof'thebarrel, a driving hammerin the chamberof the barrel and actuated by. pressure admitted through the induction passage otthe-flange, the drivin'g hammer having on its 'exterior an abutment againstwhichuthe admitted pressure acts to recede the. hammer, and havingalso a central passage'in its b dy with laterallpas I sages at j acent to theendsthereof for admitting pressiure into and discharging pressure from the central passage in operating the drivinghmmncr, a closing plug for the rear" the induction passage of the flange, and a tool head connected with the stem and having' a passage through its body in'communi: cation with the eduction passage at the front end of the flange for discharging pressure in LIE? "advancewof the-head; substantially as dev n; sisting of aicentr al'barrel and straight exte- -rior'flangesonthe side of the barrel with the M1 0 flanges extending the. full length of the barrel, i tthcvbarrehhavingta central chamber divided :1; jiintol sections, onesection to receive a driven 1,5zdiIiitl induction passage and a longitudinal 3 meduction passage for pressure; each passage 92; independent of the other and both passages in a communication with the chamber of. the bart M rel' and :the eductionpassage discharging at V2Ooethe, fi'ont'en'd ofithefi ange, a driven stem en- :tered intothe chamber of thebarrel-l-a driviing hammer in thechambe'r of theba'rrel and 5 A actuated: by pressure" admitted I through the i I 17.-.@In apneumatic'hammer, a frame con- I stem and another section to receive the driv-v 1. .ingghammer, and one flange having a longituinduction passage of the flange, the driving tion passage of the flange, a tool head connected with the stem and having a passage through. its body, and a'tube connecting the passage of the tool head with the eduction passage at the front end'of the flange for discharging pressure in advance of the tool head, substantial] as described. 7 i I a =iIARIlIIN HARDSOCG. Witnesses: y a

' JOSEPH KEARNS,

HELEN Lorsrmcxr. 

